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CLASS B1359+154, a 6 image gravitational lens



Lens System Summary

This system is unique in having 6 lensed images. Three lensing galaxies are shown in ground-based and HST pictures of the lens.

This Lens System

Lens name B1359+154
Survey CLASS
Images 6
B1950.0 coords 13h59m10.976s 15°27'52.660"
J2000.0 coords 14h01m35.550s 15°13'25.643"

Lens System Structure and Labelling

Image labelling for this lens (RA increases to the left, declination increases upwards)

Images labelled as in Myers et al.

Image/Lens Positions

Image/Lens Relative Position
East (mas) North (mas)
A +0.0±0.1 +0.0±0.1
A1 -28.5 +3.0
A2 -42.13 -3.5
B -491.5±0.2 -1248±0.2
B1 -518.52 -1249.4
B2 -510.04 -1289.49
C -313.7±0.2 -1664±0.2
C1 -339.76 -1666.56
C2 -368.79 -1619.37
D +957.1±0.8 -1366±0.8
D1 +934.07 -1365.64
E +607.2±0.5 -1138±0.5
E1 +580.26 -1139.96
F +412±2 -958±2
F1 +393.7 -960.77
K1 +630±70 -700±70
K2 +520±70 -1500±70
K3 +140±70 -940±70

Image/Lens Separations

Separation (mas)
Component A A1 A2 B B1 B2 C C1 C2 D D1 E E1 F F1 K1 K2 K3
A
28.7 42.3 1341.3 1352.7 1386.7 1693.3 1700.8 1660.8 1667.9 1654.5 1289.9 1279.1 1042.8 1038.3 941.8 1587.6 950.4
A1 28.7
15.1 1333.9 1344.9 1379.3 1691.2 1698.3 1657.7 1686.9 1673.2 1306.1 1295.0 1057.1 1052.2 963.2 1600.0 957.9
A2 42.3 15.1
1323.1 1333.9 1368.5 1682.6 1689.5 1648.6 1689.6 1675.8 1307.2 1295.7 1057.0 1051.8 967.9 1598.6 954.0
B 1341.3 1333.9 1323.1
27.1 45.4 452.4 445.2 391.1 1453.4 1430.4 1104.2 1077.2 948.9 930.6 1248.2 1042.4 702.6
B1 1352.7 1344.9 1333.9 27.1
41.0 462.4 453.8 399.1 1480.2 1457.2 1131.2 1104.2 975.1 956.8 1273.2 1068.3 727.6
B2 1386.7 1379.3 1368.5 45.4 41.0
422.9 413.7 358.8 1469.1 1446.1 1127.5 1100.5 979.8 961.7 1283.4 1051.3 738.0
C 1693.3 1691.2 1682.6 452.4 462.4 422.9
26.2 70.9 1305.3 1282.9 1060.5 1036.2 1012.5 997.5 1349.0 849.7 854.4
C1 1700.8 1698.3 1689.5 445.2 453.8 413.7 26.2
55.4 1331.2 1308.9 1084.5 1060.1 1033.1 1017.9 1369.2 875.7 870.7
C2 1660.8 1657.7 1648.6 391.1 399.1 358.8 70.9 55.4
1349.9 1327.3 1088.2 1063.3 1023.3 1007.5 1357.5 896.8 848.8
D 1667.9 1686.9 1689.6 1453.4 1480.2 1469.1 1305.3 1331.2 1349.9
23.0 417.6 439.4 680.9 694.0 742.0 457.2 921.5
D1 1654.5 1673.2 1675.8 1430.4 1457.2 1446.1 1282.9 1308.9 1327.3 23.0
398.3 419.7 662.4 675.2 731.8 435.3 901.0
E 1289.9 1306.1 1307.2 1104.2 1131.2 1127.5 1060.5 1084.5 1088.2 417.6 398.3
27.0 265.5 277.5 438.6 372.4 507.4
E1 1279.1 1295.0 1295.7 1077.2 1104.2 1100.5 1036.2 1060.1 1063.3 439.4 419.7 27.0
247.8 258.7 442.8 365.0 483.5
F 1042.8 1057.1 1057.0 948.9 975.1 979.8 1012.5 1033.1 1023.3 680.9 662.4 265.5 247.8
18.5 337.8 552.7 272.6
F1 1038.3 1052.2 1051.8 930.6 956.8 961.7 997.5 1017.9 1007.5 694.0 675.2 277.5 258.7 18.5
351.9 553.8 254.5
K1 941.8 963.2 967.9 1248.2 1273.2 1283.4 1349.0 1369.2 1357.5 742.0 731.8 438.6 442.8 337.8 351.9
807.5 545.6
K2 1587.6 1600.0 1598.6 1042.4 1068.3 1051.3 849.7 875.7 896.8 457.2 435.3 372.4 365.0 552.7 553.8 807.5
676.8
K3 950.4 957.9 954.0 702.6 727.6 738.0 854.4 870.7 848.8 921.5 901.0 507.4 483.5 272.6 254.5 545.6 676.8
Position angle (°)
Component A A1 A2 B B1 B2 C C1 C2 D D1 E E1 F F1 K1 K2 K3
A
96.0 85.3 21.5 22.5 21.6 10.7 11.5 12.8 -35.0 -34.4 -28.1 -27.0 -23.3 -22.3 -42.0 -19.1 -8.5
A1 -84.0
64.5 20.3 21.4 20.4 9.7 10.6 11.8 -35.8 -35.1 -29.1 -28.0 -24.6 -23.7 -43.1 -20.0 -10.1
A2 -94.7 -115.5
19.9 20.9 20.0 9.3 10.1 11.4 -36.3 -35.6 -29.8 -28.7 -25.4 -24.5 -44.0 -20.6 -11.0
B -158.5 -159.7 -160.1
87.0 24.1 -23.1 -19.9 -18.3 -85.3 -85.3 -95.7 -95.8 -107.8 -108.0 -116.0 -76.0 -116.0
B1 -157.5 -158.6 -159.1 -93.0
-11.9 -26.3 -23.2 -22.0 -85.5 -85.4 -95.7 -95.7 -107.4 -107.6 -115.6 -76.4 -115.2
B2 -158.4 -159.6 -160.0 -155.9 168.1
-27.7 -24.3 -23.2 -87.0 -87.0 -97.7 -97.8 -109.8 -110.0 -117.3 -78.4 -118.3
C -169.3 -170.3 -170.7 156.9 153.7 152.3
84.4 129.0 -103.2 -103.4 -119.7 -120.4 -134.2 -134.8 -135.6 -101.1 -147.9
C1 -168.5 -169.4 -169.9 160.1 156.8 155.7 -95.6
148.4 -103.0 -103.3 -119.2 -119.8 -133.3 -133.9 -134.9 -101.0 -146.6
C2 -167.2 -168.2 -168.6 161.7 158.0 156.8 -51.0 -31.6
-100.8 -101.0 -116.3 -116.8 -130.3 -130.8 -132.6 -97.6 -143.2
D 145.0 144.2 143.7 94.7 94.5 93.0 76.8 77.0 79.2
90.9 123.1 121.0 126.8 125.7 153.8 73.0 117.5
D1 145.6 144.9 144.4 94.7 94.6 93.0 76.6 76.7 79.0 -89.1
124.9 122.5 128.0 126.8 155.4 72.0 118.2
E 151.9 150.9 150.2 84.3 84.3 82.3 60.3 60.8 63.7 -56.9 -55.1
85.8 132.7 129.7 -177.0 13.5 113.0
E1 153.0 152.0 151.3 84.2 84.3 82.2 59.6 60.2 63.2 -59.0 -57.5 -94.2
137.2 133.8 -173.5 9.5 114.4
F 156.7 155.4 154.6 72.2 72.6 70.2 45.8 46.7 49.7 -53.2 -52.0 -47.3 -42.8
81.4 -139.8 -11.3 93.8
F1 157.7 156.3 155.5 72.0 72.4 70.0 45.2 46.1 49.2 -54.3 -53.2 -50.3 -46.2 -98.6
-137.8 -13.2 94.7
K1 138.0 136.9 136.0 64.0 64.4 62.7 44.4 45.1 47.4 -26.2 -24.6 3.0 6.5 40.2 42.2
7.8 63.9
K2 160.9 160.0 159.4 104.0 103.6 101.6 78.9 79.0 82.4 -107.0 -108.0 -166.5 -170.5 168.7 166.8 -172.2
145.8
K3 171.5 169.9 169.0 64.0 64.8 61.7 32.1 33.4 36.8 -62.5 -61.8 -67.0 -65.6 -86.2 -85.3 -116.1 -34.2

Maps and Images

Click on an image to see a larger JPEG version, or click on the accompanying text to download a gzipped FITS or PostScript file of the map or image. The images and maps are available in one gzipped file here. To see a DSS image of the region around this lens, click here - note that you will have to start the search manually by clicking on the 'Search' button.

Optical and IR images Click to see a larger version
CFHT image
Rusin et al. (2000)
MERLIN images Click to see a larger version
MERLIN 5GHz image 		Click to see a larger version
MERLIN 5GHz image
VLBA maps Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component A)
Rusin et al. (2001) 		Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component B)
Rusin et al. (2001) 		Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component C)
Rusin et al. (2001)
VLBA maps (continued) Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component D)
Rusin et al. (2001) 		Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component E)
Rusin et al. (2001) 		Click to see a larger version
VLBA 1.7GHz (Component F)
Rusin et al. (2001)
Optical Spectra Click to see a larger version
LRIS source spectrum
Myers et al.

Radio Flux Densities

Component Flux density (mJy)
1.7 GHz 5 GHz 8.4 GHz 8.4 GHz 15 GHz
A
19.0 9.86 9.57 5.43
A1 22.6



A2 3.0



B
11.2 5.87 5.82 3.51
B1 14.5



B2 1.4



C
15.8 7.95 7.92 4.77
C1 19.8



C2 1.3



D
3.2 2.22 1.93 1.05
D1 4.5



E
4.7 2.49 2.17 1.49
E1 6.0



F
1.2 0.74 0.50
F1 1.8



Flux errors 5% 5% 3% 3% 5%
Resolution (mas) ~10 60 210 210 150
Map noise level
(mJy/beam) 		0.045 0.040 0.224 0.066 0.176
Instrument VLBA MERLIN VLA VLA VLA
Date observed 1999/12/10
2000/08/28 		1999/01/26
1999/02/06 		1998/03/16 1998/04/05 1998/04/05
Reference [3] [2] [1] [1] [1]

Sub-millimetre Flux Densities

Component Flux density (mJy)
850 μm 450 μm
Total 11.5±1.9 39±10
Estimated
cal. error 		5-10% 5-10%
Instrument SCUBA (JCMT) SCUBA (JCMT)
Date observed 1999-2001 1999-2001
Reference [4] [4]

Optical Imaging

Component Brightness (Magnitudes)
i g K' F814W V - I (F555W, F814W)
A

20.8 24.01±0.06 0.68±0.12
B

20.8 24.29±0.11 0.43±0.15
C

20.7 24.01±0.05 0.27±0.13
D

21.2 25.19±0.08 0.61±0.17
E

20.7 25.12±0.17 0.45±0.19
F


26.25±0.23 0.29±0.23
K1

20.7 23.69±0.24 3.13±0.29
K2

20.7 23.70±0.33 3.23±1.01
K3

20.7 22.68±0.28 3.31±0.55
K4

19.1

K5

21.0

K6

21.0

Images + Lens 21.9 22.5 17.7

Instrument COSMIC (Palomar 5-m) COSMIC (Palomar 5-m) KIR (CFHT) WFPC-2 (HST) WFPC-2 (HST)
Integration time

39 exp., 3.25 hours total 5000 sec (I) 5200 sec (V)
PSF size (arcsec) 1.1 (average) 1.1 (average) A.O. correction used

Pixel scale (mas/pixel)

34.8

Date observed 1998/05/31 1998/05/31 1999/06/23-25 2000/07/10 2000/07/10
Reference no. [1] [1] [2] [3] [3]

Redshifts

Object Redshift Instrument Date Observed Reference
Source 3.235±0.002 LRIS (Keck II) 1998/04/21 [1]
Lens 0.94±0.04 Estimate from HST
data and mass models
[3]

Lens Models

Click on the model's reference number to go to the relevant paper's abstract on ADS.


[1] Myers et al. find that a compound model consisting of an SIE and SIS (NDF=1) can reproduce the image positions, but not the image flux ratios for this system. They find that models with a single SIE are not favoured by the data. They predict that HST imaging would reveal a second lens galaxy.

[3] Rusin et al. (2001) undertake extensive modelling using several different mass profiles for the three lensing galaxies. Although all models have reduced Χ2 > 10 (including contributions from fitting flux ratios), they show that the image configurations may be reproduced convincingly by lensing.

Notes

  1. Myers et al. LRIS spectrum shows no features associated with lensing galaxies. Measurement of source redshift is based on identification of Lyα, C III and IV, N V and He II lines.

  2. Rusin et al. (2000) find tentative evidence for variability at the 10% level from MERLIN observations.

References

Click here to see the CASTLES data available for this object, or here to search for references on NED. You can go to a paper's abstract on ADS by clicking its reference number.


[1] CLASS B1152+199 and B1359+154: Two New Gravitational Lens Systems Discovered in the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey, S. T. Myers et al., Astron. J. 117, Issue 6, pp. 2565-2572 (1999)


[2] Adaptive Optics Imaging of the CLASS Gravitational Lens System B1359+154 with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, D. Rusin et al., Astrophys. J. 533 pp. L89-L92 (2000)


[3] B1359+154: A Six-Image Lens Produced by a z ~ 1 Compact Group of Galaxies, D. Rusin et al., Astrophys. J. 557, pp. 594-604 (2001)


[4] A submillimeter survey of gravitationally lensed quasars, R. Barvainis and R. Ivison, Astrophys. J. 571, pp. 712-720 (2002)

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