 
  
  
   
  Energy input at large scales, loss at small scales
   Energy input at large scales, loss at small scales 
 
  Kolmogorov distribution
   Kolmogorov distribution   
  
 
  for Kolmogorov
      for Kolmogorov
 
  = mean square fluctuation
      = mean square fluctuation 
 
  Limited range of scale sizes play a role
   Limited range of scale sizes play a role 

    
 
Figure 13: Scale sizes responsible for scintillation. (i)   (ii)
  (ii)
  . Below A phase deviation is less that 1 radian. Below B path is
less than the Fresnel distance so no interference. From Lyne & Graham-Smith
1990 [23]
 . Below A phase deviation is less that 1 radian. Below B path is
less than the Fresnel distance so no interference. From Lyne & Graham-Smith
1990 [23]